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Creativity and Work
Revised Edition of Work, Creativity and Social Justice
by Elliott Jaques |
The underlying theme of these essays is that analysis of the social and
psychological conditions for work and creativity can offer valuable insight into almost every human activity. The major recurring issues are on the one
hand the effect of social institutions on the mental state of the individual, and on the other the contribution which the particular
psychological characteristics of the individual can make for the good of society.
Its contents include: the science of society; the human consequences of industrialization; task complexity; cognitive complexity; maturation of
cognitive power; notes on the psychological meaning of work; learning for uncertainty; theses on work and creativity; the work-payment-capacity
nexus; the conscious, preconscious, and unconscious experience called time; time and the measurement of human attributes; quantification in the human
sciences; disturbances in the capacity to work; a contribution to a discussion of Freud's 'group psychology'; psychotic anxieties and the sense
of justice; guilt, conscience, and social behavior.
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A General Theory of Bureaucracy
by Elliott Jaques |
Dr. Jaques' book sets out the most significant advance in the understanding
of bureaucracy since Max Weber's Theory of Social and Economic Organization.
In sharp contrast to other writers, he demonstrates that, when properly organized, bureaucracy is not inevitably monolithic and stultifying, but can make a prime
contribution to pluralism and the open society. A rigorous and systematic definition of bureaucracy is used to cover all employment systems-in industry and commerce,
public and social administration, education, and in religious and military organizations.
The theory is based upon the discovery of a universal and uniform underlying structure in the stratification of managerial or work levels in the bureaucratic hierarchy. The
postulate is made, and evidence presented, that this uniform underlying stratification is an expression of discontinuity in the distribution of work-capacity in human
populations. The theories presented are of importance not only to sociology but to social psychology, social anthropology, economics, politics, and social philosophy. They
are also of practical concern to organization theory and the behavioral sciences in business and administrative studies.
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Time Span Handbook
by Elliott Jaques |
The Glacier Project is famous throughout the world for the new attitudes and techniques
it developed in the field of management and industrial relations. Perhaps its most outstanding single contribution is the time-span method for measuring level of work
and arranging equitable payment structures. The theory behind this method was described in Dr. Jaques' Equitable Payment which was hailed by The Financial Times
(London) as "a landmark in the history of industrial relations." This handbook provides all the necessary information about time-span measurement, in a succinct and
practical form, for the practitioner who wishes to learn how the method can be applied in the real world of work.
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Measurement of Responsibility
by Elliott Jaques |
It was in the course of practical work by the author in collaboration with members of
the Glacier Metal Company during the fifties that it was discovered that what is experienced by individuals as level or weight or size of responsibility was
connected uniquely with the discretion they are required to exercise in doing their work. It was furthermore discovered that this level of felt responsibility
could be measured objectively and precisely by the maximum span of time during which individuals are targeted to exercise discretion on their own account.
Since this book was first published, its theory has been successfully tested in practical working situations. It is now established as a classic contribution to
industrial relations with great relevance to management problems today.
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Levels of Abstraction in Logic and Human Action
by Elliott Jaques, R.O.Gibson & D.J.Isaac |
This book breaks entirely new ground by developing the relationships between the nature of propositional logic, the nature of the mental capacity of individuals,
and the nature of social organizations. In making this linkage, it sets out a discontinuity theory of human functioning expressed in a hierarchical system of
five levels of logic. These levels are then related to an equivalent system of five levels of human capacity to work and to five equally discrete levels in
hierarchical social organization. A remarkable equivalence in content is shown between the levels in each of the three systems.
This unusual work will be of interest to logicians, mathematicians and mathematical philosophers, psychologists, sociologists, information theorists,
and organization specialists. More important, it demonstrates how these fields can be linked one to another.
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Free Enterprise, Fair Employment
by Elliott Jaques |
Free Enterprise, Fair Employment introduces one of the few genuinely new perspectives on the problems of inflation and unemployment in democratic industrial
societies. Jaques agrees with those who reject the lump-of-labor fallacy and who realize that any nation has as much work as it wants for everyone, regardless of
economic conditions. But he argues that it is essential that full employment and pay differentials should be separated and treated as political objectives in their
own right and goes on to show how to get full employment without inflation by the achievement of equitable pay differentials by political consensus.
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The Form of Time
by Elliott Jaques |
The nature of time has always been a tantalizing problem. The Form of Time argues that a two-dimensional concept of time is crucial for the proper development of our
understanding of human behavior and social institutions. The two temporal dimensions in which time needs to be seen are: the temporal axis of succession-the familiar
dimension of the dating of events as earlier and later; and the temporal axis of intention-the dimension in which we state our current goals and intentions. This
two-dimensional view of time opens up a genuinely dynamic approach to the understanding of interpersonal relationships and of social institutions.
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The Changing Culture of a Factory
by Elliott Jaques |
This is the report of the first three years of work carried out by Elliott Jaques on behalf of the Tavistock Institute of Human Relations in collaboration with the
Glacier Metal Company-an engineering factory in London employing some five thousand people. The aims were: to study the psychological and social forces affecting the
group life, morale and productivity of a single industrial community; to develop more effective ways of resolving social stresses; and to facilitate agreed and
desired social change.
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Glacier Project Papers
by Elliott Jaques & Wilfred Brown |
For seventeen years, the Glacier Metal Company maintained a continuous analysis of all aspects of its organization as an integral part of sound management. Out of
this basic material there emerged a profound contribution to modern industrial theory and practice. In this book-the eighth in the series of
publications from the Glacier Project-are collected a group of fifteen papers by Wilfred Brown, Chairman of the company, and Elliott Jaques, who was consultant
social-analyst throughout the project. Most of these papers were prepared for the purpose of teaching at the Glacier Institute of Management. The questions they address
cover the whole range of organizational problems and issues.
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